The 25 Rules of Disinformation

Break the chains

Disinformation is carried out in different ways. Here are some examples:

A potentially dangerous news story may be ignored by mass media. Most people believe that something which has not been reported just does not exist.

A news story may be presented as a "wild accusation", especially by someone authoritative. People that have a large consensus or cover important positions in politics, economics or the military may leverage their reputation to label a a fact as false and preposterous.

A big media coverage of an important event may create enough distraction to deviate the attention of people from a real issue.

A rumor that is neither confirmed or denied may generate confusion and doubts in a large audience.

An individual or group of people may be forced or payed to provide false information that generate fake news stories.

Now that I have presented you some examples of how disinformation works, let me share with you some practical advice to protect yourself against misleading information:

Ask: Always ask yourself lots of questions when you hear a news story. Where is the news from? Is it a reliable source? Is somebody else reporting the same story? Question everything and take nothing for granted.

Verify: Search on the web or discuss with your friends and family any piece of news that comes from media sources. You may discover valuable information that put the entire story under a different light.

Keep position: Never underestimate your opinions and do not be afraid of authority. Beware "the guy who knows" who puts his credentials on the table. Everyone has the same level of reliability until they prove to be trustworthy.

Investigate: Be very careful with news stories claimed to be too complex to solve. No analysis of the story has probably been done and you are consuming information which has not been investigated or verified.

Focus: Do not try to split your attention to multiple news stories. Choose one and stick with it. Then move on. There is always a bigger news story screaming for attention that may distract your investigation.

These above are just some examples to help you think differently and develop a critical attitude towards everyday news you consume.

From Twenty-Five Ways To Suppress Truth: The Rules of Disinformation (Includes The 8 Traits of A Disinformationalist) by H. Michael Sweeney. These 25 rules are everywhere in media, from political debates, to television shows, to comments on a blog.

1. Hear no evil, see no evil, speak no evil. Regardless of what you know, don’t discuss it — especially if you are a public figure, news anchor, etc. If it’s not reported, it didn’t happen, and you never have to deal with the issues.

2. Become incredulous and indignant. Avoid discussing key issues and instead focus on side issues which can be used show the topic as being critical of some otherwise sacrosanct group or theme. This is also known as the “How dare you!” gambit.

3. Create rumor mongers. Avoid discussing issues by describing all charges, regardless of venue or evidence, as mere rumors and wild accusations. Other derogatory terms mutually exclusive of truth may work as well. This method works especially well with a silent press, because the only way the public can learn of the facts are through such “arguable rumors”. If you can associate the material with the Internet, use this fact to certify it a “wild rumor” which can have no basis in fact.

4. Use a straw man. Find or create a seeming element of your opponent’s argument which you can easily knock down to make yourself look good and the opponent to look bad. Either make up an issue you may safely imply exists based on your interpretation of the opponent/opponent arguments/situation, or select the weakest aspect of the weakest charges. Amplify their significance and destroy them in a way which appears to debunk all the charges, real and fabricated alike, while actually avoiding discussion of the real issues.

5. Sidetrack opponents with name calling and ridicule. This is also known as the primary attack the messenger ploy, though other methods qualify as variants of that approach. Associate opponents with unpopular titles such as “kooks”, “right-wing”, “liberal”, “left-wing”, “terrorists”, “conspiracy buffs”, “radicals”, “militia”, “racists”, “religious fanatics”, “sexual deviates”, and so forth. This makes others shrink from support out of fear of gaining the same label, and you avoid dealing with issues.

6. Hit and Run. In any public forum, make a brief attack of your opponent or the opponent position and then scamper off before an answer can be fielded, or simply ignore any answer. This works extremely well in Internet and letters-to-the-editor environments where a steady stream of new identities can be called upon without having to explain criticism reasoning — simply make an accusation or other attack, never discussing issues, and never answering any subsequent response, for that would dignify the opponent’s viewpoint.

7. Question motives. Twist or amplify any fact which could so taken to imply that the opponent operates out of a hidden personal agenda or other bias. This avoids discussing issues and forces the accuser on the defensive.

8. Invoke authority. Claim for yourself or associate yourself with authority and present your argument with enough “jargon” and “minutiae” to illustrate you are “one who knows”, and simply say it isn’t so without discussing issues or demonstrating concretely why or citing sources.

9. Play Dumb. No matter what evidence or logical argument is offered, avoid discussing issues with denial they have any credibility, make any sense, provide any proof, contain or make a point, have logic, or support a conclusion. Mix well for maximum effect.

10. Associate opponent charges with old news. A derivative of the straw man usually, in any large-scale matter of high visibility, someone will make charges early on which can be or were already easily dealt with. Where it can be foreseen, have your own side raise a straw man issue and have it dealt with early on as part of the initial contingency plans. Subsequent charges, regardless of validity or new ground uncovered, can usually them be associated with the original charge and dismissed as simply being a rehash without need to address current issues — so much the better where the opponent is or was involved with the original source.

11. Establish and rely upon fall-back positions. Using a minor matter or element of the facts, take the “high road” and “confess” with candor that some innocent mistake, in hindsight, was made — but that opponents have seized on the opportunity to blow it all out of proportion and imply greater criminalities which, “just isn’t so.” Others can reinforce this on your behalf, later. Done properly, this can garner sympathy and respect for “coming clean” and “owning up” to your mistakes without addressing more serious issues.

12. Enigmas have no solution. Drawing upon the overall umbrella of events surrounding the crime and the multitude of players and events, paint the entire affair as too complex to solve. This causes those otherwise following the matter to begin to lose interest more quickly without having to address the actual issues.

13. Alice in Wonderland Logic. Avoid discussion of the issues by reasoning backwards with an apparent deductive logic in a way that forbears any actual material fact.

14. Demand complete solutions. Avoid the issues by requiring opponents to solve the crime at hand completely, a ploy which works best for items qualifying for rule 10.

15. Fit the facts to alternate conclusions. This requires creative thinking unless the crime was planned with contingency conclusions in place.

16. Vanishing evidence and witnesses. If it does not exist, it is not fact, and you won’t have to address the issue.

17. Change the subject. Usually in connection with one of the other ploys listed here, find a way to side-track the discussion with abrasive or controversial comments in hopes of turning attention to a new, more manageable topic. This works especially well with companions who can “argue” with you over the new topic and polarize the discussion arena in order to avoid discussing more key issues.

18. Emotionalize, Antagonize, and Goad Opponents. If you can’t do anything else, chide and taunt your opponents and draw them into emotional responses which will tend to make them look foolish and overly motivated, and generally render their material somewhat less coherent. Not only will you avoid discussing the issues in the first instance, but even if their emotional response addresses the issue, you can further avoid the issues by then focusing on how “sensitive they are to criticism”.

19. Ignore proof presented, demand impossible proofs. This is perhaps a variant of the “play dumb” rule. Regardless of what material may be presented by an opponent in public forums, claim the material irrelevant and demand proof that is impossible for the opponent to come by (it may exist, but not be at his disposal, or it may be something which is known to be safely destroyed or withheld, such as a murder weapon). In order to completely avoid discussing issues may require you to categorically deny and be critical of media or books as valid sources, deny that witnesses are acceptable, or even deny that statements made by government or other authorities have any meaning or relevance.

20. False evidence. Whenever possible, introduce new facts or clues designed and manufactured to conflict with opponent presentations as useful tools to neutralize sensitive issues or impede resolution. This works best when the crime was designed with contingencies for the purpose, and the facts cannot be easily separated from the fabrications.

21. Call a Grand Jury, Special Prosecutor, or other empowered investigative body. Subvert the (process) to your benefit and effectively neutralize all sensitive issues without open discussion. Once convened, the evidence and testimony are required to be secret when properly handled. For instance, if you own the prosecuting attorney, it can insure a Grand Jury hears no useful evidence and that the evidence is sealed an unavailable to subsequent investigators. Once a favorable verdict (usually, this technique is applied to find the guilty innocent, but it can also be used to obtain charges when seeking to frame a victim) is achieved, the matter can be considered officially closed.

22. Manufacture a new truth. Create your own expert(s), group(s), author(s), leader(s) or influence existing ones willing to forge new ground via scientific, investigative, or social research or testimony which concludes favorably. In this way, if you must actually address issues, you can do so authoritatively.

23. Create bigger distractions. If the above does not seem to be working to distract from sensitive issues, or to prevent unwanted media coverage of unstoppable events such as trials, create bigger news stories (or treat them as such) to distract the multitudes.

24. Silence critics. If the above methods do not prevail, consider removing opponents from circulation by some definitive solution so that the need to address issues is removed entirely. This can be by their death, arrest and detention, blackmail or destruction of their character by release of blackmail information, or merely by proper intimidation with blackmail or other threats.

25. Vanish. If you are a key holder of secrets or otherwise overly illuminated and you think the heat is getting too hot, to avoid the issues, vacate the kitchen.

I agree with all of this and feel these methods are used on us and have been for years, all mainstream TV and media channels and newspapers are full of BS, followed closely by Hollywood movies. I feel more and more people are waking up and prefer watching/listening to alternative media sites. Once you connect the dots the rest becomes so see-through.

I also feel that our generation I hope will be the one who shouts ‘enough is enough’ and will switch away from what we are led to believe is the truth. I however feel our generation will not be the one who no longer support war for the gains of the so-called elite due to lack of knowledge and the leftist education system we all go though, and acts of false or real terrorism will not fail to convince the majority of us to live in fear, although big brother has done a good job so far! I have educated myself so much since becoming awake, I can understand now why the FSTE (100 of the most powerful top companies) the first 5 top profit making companies are weapons dealers? I also understand fractional reserve banking, where money is created as IOU’s and the Fed and the Bank of England are private companies owned by private families of which we never hear about in the mainstream news.

All most everything I have been taught in school/college is one big lie, both first and second world wars were funded by both sides for profit to lift us out of depression among other reason, to keep the giant ponzi scheme of paper money alive. War I think will never be the answer, but it sometimes is necessary but sadly many young people are signing their lives away for private companies and dying in the name of profit – Where are the weapons of mass destruction? Other than in our own western nations.

Why did building 7 collapse? Who do we owe Trillions of debt too? Why are we invading other countries? Who and why are we being watched over by CCTV? The voting system is rigged – why are our liberties and freedoms being stolen by? We must not fight but take small steps to remove the power of fear which has been put upon us, turn off the television, stop reading newspapers, step away from advertising, learn skills of self survival, read book, (this may sound odd but start with Mein Kampf the Ford translation if you are an English speaker, the book is not at all what you have been told it is) and The Kingdom of God is Within You, by Leo Tolstoy,  which can also be applied to any type of political ideology, education starts with one’s own mind, love is more powerful than hate in the long run but at times may not appear so.

This Is Nuts

What to do with the newly released nut-case who murdered numerous people in a shopping centre, the wack-job released six months ago who shot dead three kids in McDonalds while out celebrating a youngsters birthday, or on hearing about the detaining of the guy found not guilty a year ago because the nut house was full, and is now detained for the so-called serial axe killings of young ladies in Windsor, the plain facts are that there are out of their skulls, off the charts lunatics who for some reason still living among us every day, until I get to power that is, only joking.

I expect that if we the public really knew the amount of these criminally insane, nutters that are running about out there, I am sure we would demand that the laws be drastically revised so we could re-lock them up again for any damn reason, but this is not enough we have seen that these nut job upon release often commit the same unthinkable crimes. This is one of those politically correct areas of Unnecessary tension that exist between the right against being without rhyme or reason arrested and held without “due process” and the need to guard the public.

One of the greatest mysteries in life is the question one tends to ask mentally when we wonder what he or she was thinking. Sometimes little acts of thoughtfulness or kind-heartedness make me wonder, though a threat is often felt instantly.

Think how scores of brutally murdered girlfriends and wives have told their close ones and friends my husband is going to off me some sunny day? How many babies are killed by mothers that just snap because their insane? The Old Bill told me in school that your odds of being murdered or raped by someone you know is much greater than being put six feet deep or molested by a stranger.

Our Nut Houses and the Prisons are filled with nutters or convicts who just don’t give a crap, who have a seriously fragile grip on reality and or regard the laws of the nation that we normal people tend to obey to be an obstacle to their criminal or mental ambitions.

If those lunatics are hearing voices in their crazy heads or just giving in to their own uncontrolled needs, they are a threat to me, you and everyone. But we seldom know it until we are confronted by one of these nut jobs, but then it’s often too late.

Special hospitals, asylums and care facilities for the criminally insane - cost; 30 million a year of our hard earned money don’t you think it would be better to just, once found and convicted be taken out back shot at the cost of a bullet which is on the prisoners expense, or billed to his family if he has no small change on him at the crucial time. Then the body can be used for medical science or if just too crazy even for that then cremated.

Here are some facts; many prisoners have mental health problems. 72% of male and 70% of female sentenced prisoners suffer from two or more mental health disorders. Twenty per of prisoners have four of the five major mental health disorders.

Neurotic and personality disorders are particularly prevalent - 40% of male and 63% of female sentenced prisoners have a neurotic disorder, over three times the level in the general population. 64% of male and 50% of female sentenced prisoners have a personality disorder.

According to the NHS plan, around 5,000 prisoners at the time, between 5-8%, have severe and enduring mental illnesses. The plan also said that, by 2004, “all people with severe mental illness will be in receipt of treatment, and no prisoner with serious mental illness will leave prison without a care plan and a care coordinator.”

A significant number of prisoners suffer from a psychotic disorder. 7% of male and 14% of female sentenced prisoners have a psychotic disorder; 14 and 23 times the level in the general population.

10% of men and 30% of women have had previous psychiatric admission before they come into prison.

A fifth of Scottish prisoners reported that they had been put on ACT (Scottish Prison Service Suicide Risk Management Process) and 38% of prisoners indicated that they had experienced mental health problems.

The human rights commission - cost 100million a year there job the commission claims, is to promote equality and human rights, and to create a fairer Britain. And they will do this by providing advice and guidance, working to implement an effective legislative framework and raising awareness of your rights. Whatever, look around you people; the commission must think we were all born yesterday. Do you really feel you have equal rights in the United Kingdom? It seems to me that refugees get better rights within the UK that British citizens, hostile Muslims get arrested only to be released an hour later because of politically correct leftist pressure. "Exalt the citizen. As the State is the unit of government he is the unit of the State. Teach him that his home is his castle, and his sovereignty rests beneath his hat." I think we should repeal the Human Rights Act and replace it with a constitutional British Bill of Rights that clearly enshrines the rights, liberties and responsibilities of the British people. The money saved could be used to build positive eugenic research laboratories to insure strong healthy disease free future citizens, advance medical research etc. The people who run the human rights commission should be imprisoned for treason against the people of Britain.

So how much money would it cost to keep one of them or someone in prison in the UK for a year? it costs nearly 500 pounds per month The cost to the exchequer in running the Prison Service in the United Kingdom is estimated to be in excess of 2 billion a year. In 1993, the UK prison population was 44,000. Today it is over 83,000. This trend is set to continue: the government has recently announced an extra £3.8bn to create 20,000 more prison places.

In the UK it is estimated that each new prison place costs £119,000 and that the annual average cost for each prisoner exceeds £40,000. Such huge public expenditure should not be spent without question. But where value for money models are widely applied in other state services like healthcare, they have rarely been used to test the value of the criminal justice sector.

Incarceration in reality does not reduce re-offending, but the cost of the prison system still has to justify it´s expenditure. Is the cost of running our prisons too high in the UK? Could alternatives provide better value for our money?

These are the questions I have sought to address in this short article. After a little research, I looked at the alternatives to prison. And as a result my alternatives to prison seem to deliver a better return on public money, your money.

Residential public beating programmes, your choice of bat provided for example, offer a £200,000 net benefit over prison over the short lifetime of beaten offender. This is because bat treatment programmes are cheaper to run than the prison systems and because it will deliver a very low re-offending rate, my conservative estimate is 0.1%. Similarly, using stones or drift wood instead of government issued bats could save £125,000 per convict. maitainence of convicted paedophiles and murderers - cost 2 million a year, we could reduce this by handing them over to an angry mob for free and let them hang them all off a lamp posts/shoot them/ or simply throw them off the white cliffs of Dover, or use them as military target practice ect ect.

Some politically correct S.O.B may say that this research is right will and these methods will not save money in the long run, however our research suggests not, it seemed to work for the Romans. Once you crunch the numbers, investing more in these punitive measures actually delivers increased savings in the long run. Because of associated reductions in re-offending rates, prisons which include hard labour programmes save society £50,000 for each inmate whilst prisons which don’t attempt to treat drug addicted inmates saves £125,000.

The debate for and against prisons has historically focused on the moral, political and social arguments for sentencing. But public money is scarce; we need to make sure that the benefits of our prisons outweigh their costs. Whatever penal policy we decide to pursue, ignoring the economic dimension to this argument is something we can no longer afford to do.

Of all those sentenced to custody in the second quarter of 2005, one in five was from a minority ethnic group. 35 per cent of minority ethnic prisoners are foreign nationals. At 58 per cent, black prisoners account for the largest number of minority ethnic prisoners and their numbers are rising - whereas the prison population grew by just over 12 per cent between 1999 and 2002, the number of black prisoners increased by 51 per cent. England and Wales has the highest number of life sentenced prisoners in Europe - it has more than Germany, France, Italy and Turkey combined. The number sentenced to life imprisonment each year has almost doubled over the past ten years. At the end of June 2008, 89 prisons, 64% of the estate, were overcrowded. Overcrowding threatens prison safety and can lead to prisoners being held in inhuman, degrading and unsafe conditions.

So on conclusion I would like to add this paper is not entirely true and the policies discussed within are not policies I would imagine anybody would realistically like to implement, well maybe some of them. But I would like to draw your attention to our present government’s expenditure in various areas which is paid for by our money its only food for thought, its time to make a stand. We really need to start to practice what we all know to be true, Crime should not pay and do you really feel safe out in public with nutters everywhere, be honest to yourself do you really feel safe out there?

Germanic Spirits And other beings

In most ancient cultures the belief in spirits was common, from the beginning of time humans have believed in invisible supernatural beings that could interact with the physical world, especially nature spirits were often worshipped. Like most other ancient cultures the Germans believed that impressive natural phenomenon’s like big stones, trees, rivers, and mountains were inhabited by spirits or divine powers, this spirits are invisible and were seen as living beings that consist of energy instead of flesh and bone and who can use their powers to aid or oppose human developments.

The Proto-Germanic word for ghost/spirit is "gaistaz", a word that is also connected to earth and untamed nature, an old-fashioned Dutch word for wild unexplored terrain is "geestgronden" (spirit grounds), while the Dutch word for spirit is "geest", there may also be a connection to Proto-Germanic "gastiz" (guest).
The people believed in different forms of spirits;

Alfen and related spirits

Alfen: the Alfen or Alfar (Elves) are also known as white Alfen, they are common nature spirits and represent uncultivated nature and live in forests and lakes, they are associated with butterflies and other beautiful creatures and according to some sources they can fly and are transparent, their leader is the god Frey and one of their kings is Alberich (from Proto-Germanic "Albireikaz", which means "Ruler of the Alfen"), Shakespeare's "Midsummer nights dream" is inspired on this character as well as Weber's opera "Oberon", which is the French name for Alberich.

The Proto-Germanic word for Alf is "Albiz", a word that also means "white", the name of the river Elbe is also believed to be derived from this word and probably means something like "white river". In Dutch the Alfen were called Alven, Alfen, Aardgeesten (Earth-Spirits), Aardmannetjes (Little Earthmen), or Alvermannekens (little Alfen-men), and in German the word Alben or Erdmännchen (little Earthmen) was used.
Negative versions of the Alfen are the Svartalfar/Swartalfen (Black-Elves), this evil spirits are also associated with Dwarves.

The Alfen are associated with nature and during certain times in the year they dance around in circles to fertilize the earth, they mostly do this on hills or in open spaces in forests, on the ground where they have danced a fairy ring often appear.

Sometimes the Alfen replace human children with their own, this children were called "Changelings" (English), "Wisselkinderen / Elfenkinderen" (Dutch), or "Wechselkinder / Wechselbälger / Elfenkinder" (German) and they can be recognized by their dreamy behaviour and their lack of social interaction, this belief was probably based on autistic children whose mothers interpreted their odd behaviour as that of another being, in later periods the Changelings were believed to be the children of Black Elves (Svartalfar), Trolls, Dwarves, or Kabouters, and they were depicted as evil beings with disfigurements who ate so much that they made their parents poor, after the Christianization the Changelings even became children of witches, White Women, or Satan who were sent to harm humans, because of this children who were believed to be Changelings were often killed by their parents.

Landwights: other types of spirits that are closely related to the Alfen (or are probably even the same) are the Landwights (or Landvættir in Old Norse), this are nature spirits who are connected to a certain place or object, they often help humans and are very shy and easy to scare away; during the Christianization of northern Europe priests often sprinkled holy water in forests or other places in nature to get rid of the Landwights, though it often happened that some local people quickly invited them back in by leaving milk or other offerings because they were afraid to lose their support.

The Landwights are probably connected to the Wanen gods and have very old origins, most Indo-European cultures knew nature spirits in some form or another and also the pre-Indo-European cultures in Europe are believed to have worshipped them, a good example of this common belief in land-spirits are the Sidhe from Celtic mythology; this are land spirits who are believed to inhabit hills and old stone buildings and have many similarities with the Germanic Landwights.

Landwights are often connected to a certain place, object, or tree, especially in the case of a living being like a tree the spirit can not leave and will die when the tree dies, in the case of a non-living object like a stone, a waterfall, or a cliff the spirit will be able to leave and choose a new home.

Waterwights: a good example of Water spirits are the Rhine maidens who mainly appear in the legends about Siegfried, this maidens have much in common with the Greek Nymphs and live in rivers and lakes after which they were often named, for instance the Rhine maidens were believed to live in the river Rhine (which was called "Rinaz" by the Germans), the river Elbe (Germanic name: Albiz) also has a connection to spirits and may have something to do with the Alfen, the river Weser (Germanic name: Wisura) may be connected to "wisulon" (making something miserable), and the Neckar river is connected to the Nekar/Nixen.

Many other rivers and lakes also had their own beings attached to them, most of those were spirits or maidens like the ones from the Rhine, sometimes a "lady of the lake" was worshipped or a being that was named after the river or lake, this type of beings are related to the Alfen and the Landwights and may have originally represented Waterwights.

During summer the Rhine maidens retreat to the forests where they are believed to dance around trees and have fun. The Slavs believed in Rusalka's which are the spirits of young girls who have drowned, the Rusalka also live in rivers and lakes and also retreat into the forests during summer.

Housewights: a Housewight is a guardian spirit who lives in the house and protects the family, if the family moves to another house the Housewight sometimes decide to stay with the family and moves with them to the new house.

Housewights are related to the Landwights (who can also inhabit houses) and when a House Wight is angry he can show that by using his forces to make noise and throw objects through the house like a poltergeist, which is a German word meaning something like "rumbling-ghost", the Dutch word is "klopgeest", which means "knocking-ghost".

Kobolden/Kabouters: the Kobold (German) or Kabouter (Dutch) is a Housewight who lives under the roof of a house or behind the fireplace, they are helpful beings and at night they come out of their hiding places and perform jobs in the kitchen, stable, or shed; as a reward the people sometimes left milk, cream, or soup for them.

In the Netherlands we still use sayings like "Get to work, because the Kabouters won't do it for you!", on a ship the Kabouter is called "Klabouter"; at night they repair the ropes and sails of the ship and when the ship is going to sink the klabouter shows himself to the captain to warn him for the upcoming disaster.

In the Middle Ages the Kabouter was very important to the people; he was helpful, warned for upcoming events, put things in order, and loved mocking everybody, nowadays Kabouters are seen as small men with beards and pointy heads but this was mainly caused by the small wooden Kabouter idols that the people kept in their houses and the modern association with Dwarves, originally the Kabouters were seen as helpful spirits; Kabouters or Kobolden are only known in Germany and the Benelux (Belgium/Netherlands/Luxembourg) and are probably a later adaptation of Housewights, in the Netherlands there are also stories of Alfen who help people and clean their houses, just like the Kabouters and Kobolden.

Gnomes: Gnomes are earth spirits who guard every mine and quarry where ore is present, there are both good and evil Gnomes, and in many folktales the Alfen perform the same tasks so the Gnomes are probably later adaptations of the Alfen.

Corn spirits: the Corn spirit (Korngeist/Korengeest) is a spirit who inhabits a cornfield, it dies during harvest and is reborn when the replanted seeds come up again, there are also similar spirits for other types of crops like for instance the "Roggemoeder" (Rye-mother) who was worshipped in the Dutch province of Groningen, nowadays parents still use her name to frighten children, the corn spirits are probably related to the Alfen.

Black Alfen (Swartalfen): the black Alf is an evil version of the white Alf, they are almost the same as the Alfen and also have the same characteristics but instead of helping humans and caring for nature they try to destroy everything, they were believed to be transparent though sometimes also have a black mist around them, in later times they were believed to work for Satan but originally they were independent spirits who just liked being evil.

Nekars/Nixen: the Nekar, also known as Nixe (German), Nekker (Dutch), Nihhus (Old High German), Nicor (Anglo-Saxon), Nikwis (Proto-Germanic), Nykur (Old Norse), or Nökke (Modern Scandinavian), is an evil water spirit who is probably connected to the black Alf, they can change into various forms, often a horse or a black demon, and some of them demand a human sacrifice each year, it is also believed that the Neckar river in Germany is named after them.

In later times the word "Nekar" was also used for other types of demons and evil spirits, when the Europeans met Africans for the first time they were afraid of them and believed that they were demons, probably because of their dark skin colour the Africans were linked to the Nekar spirits and unfortunately the word "nigger" is nowadays still an insulting word for a human of African descent; let us hope that people will one day see the difference.

Mara's: the Mara is an evil spirit that causes sleeping people to have nightmares, the word "mare" in "nightmare" probably originates from it, the Dutch word for "nightmare" is "nachtmerrie", the Swedish and Icelandic words are both "mara", and the German word is "Alptraum", which may suggest a connection to the black Alfen.

Dwarves
The Dwarves are small creatures with evil tendencies that are probably related to the Svartalfar, they live underground and can make themselves invisible, they were also believed to be excellent smiths.

Mermaids
The Mermaid may be a later variation of the Water Wight though according to most legends Mermaids and Mermen are the children of Ægir and Ran, they are half human and half fish and they are believed to foresee certain events a Mermaid sometimes marries to a human but has to leave her partner again when he sees her naked or asks for her origins, in later times the Mermaid was turned into an evil being that sinks ships and is associated with Satan, but that is a later Christian influence.

Druden
In Germany there was the belief in Druden (Proto-Germanic "Þruþijiz"=powers), some theories state that the Druden are female spirits who may be related to the Walküren but a better explanation is that they are evil spirits of the dead (Perchten) who take part in the Wild Hunt, this belief is one of the oldest aspects of German folklore and has been derived from a common Germanic belief, after the Christianization the Druden were seen as witches and many parents used their name to chase naughty children to bed, originally they were evil souls that had escaped from the world of the dead to roam the human world.

Ancestral spirits

Ancestors: ancestor worship was common in most ancient cultures and the Germans did not form an exception; dead relatives were asked for advice and children were often named after a grandmother or great-grandfather to allow their soul to be reborn into the new child, just like Christians nowadays burn a candle for a dead relative the Germans erected a stone or altar for their dead relative to honour him or her and they also visited their graves or the place where there ashes was dispersed to speak to them or ask advice.

Disen / Dísir / Idisi: the Disen (Proto-Germanic: Disiz, pleural: Disijiz) are female guardian spirits who are associated with ancestors and fertility and they may have originally represented the spirits of dead relatives, in Roman texts about the western Germans the worship of "Matrones" is mentioned, who were probably Disen too, they were especially honoured during Winter Nights.

Wiedergänger / Gengangers
When a person dies he or she is dead and never returns (unless by reincarnation), however, some of them do return and this people were called Wiedergänger (Germany) or Gengangers (Scandinavia), which means "back-comers", a dead person can become a wiedergänger when he is evil, dies an unnatural death, or simply because he does not know that he is dead.
The Wiedergänger can come out of the ground and disappear into it again, some of the more evil Wiedergängers also kill humans and animals, the bodies of their victims do not show any wounds but simply turn blue and stiff.

White Women
White Women are probably nature spirits or souls of wise women who have died, they were later turned into witches but their original character was very positive.

Guardian spirits

Fulgjoz: the Fulgjo (Proto-Germanic), Fylgja (Old Norse), or Folgôn (Old Saxon) all mean "follower" or "fetch", the Fulgjo is a personal guardian spirit, sometimes the Fulgjo takes an animal form though it can also be an ancestor or another spirit, and the Fulgjo is the heathen equivalent of the Christian Guardian Angel.

Most people were believed to have at least one Fulgjo though it is also possible to have multiple Fulgjoz, a Fulgjo mostly appears in someone's dreams in which he gives advice or hints, and they were also believed to test someone's personality by placing them in dreams about challenging situations.

The Fulgjo also represents the characteristics of a person and when that person dies he will be awaited by his Fulgjo who guides him to the Afterlife, it is believed that the doppelgänger legends are also connected to them.

A person could also allow his Fulgjo to take over his body, since most Fulgjoz often take an animal form it may be possible that this is where the Berserkr, Ulfheiðr, and Werewolf myths come from; by releasing the "animal inside" a person can take over that animal's abilities.

Hamingja: Hamingja (Old Norse) is not really a spirit but a form of energy that brings luck to a person, it is a part of the soul and it is also connected to the Fulgjo, in some people it is stronger than in others, Hamingja is inheritable and can be passed on from generation to generation, it is an abstract concept that probably represents a person's life-force or willpower.

Individual spirits

Eckhart: this is a being from Medieval German folklore who is also known as Eckart or Ekkehart, he is a good spirit who sits at the entrance of a hill to warn the people for the wild followers of Holda; this aspect is derived from the Wild Hunt belief and is very similar to Berchta and her Perchten, he carries a white staff and appears in the legends of Dietrich von Bern and Tannhäuser.

Since Eckhart only appears in stories from the Middle Ages he is probably not of old origin but rather a later medieval "invention".

Rübezahl: in German folklore this is a mountain spirit and the lord of the German Riesengebirge, he was depicted as a Dwarf, Hunter, or Giant and may be related to the Slavonic Leshy spirit.

Ellekonge: the name "Ellekonge" is a corruption of Danish "Elverkonge" (Elven-king), the Ellekonge is an evil spirit who steals human children at night, its origins are not entirely clear but it may be possible that the Ellekonge is based on an old heathen legend, though he is more likely to be a later invention since Elves were originally considered to be good beings.

In the 18th century the Ellekonge was adopted into German literature by Herder and Goethe, who named him "Erlkönig".

The belief in spirits is very old and they appear in many cultures, nowadays we tend to see Spirits as evil ghosts or other scary things but our ancestors saw them as natural appearances that could do both good and evil, just like ourselves.

Mein Kampf: The Ford Translation (Wow What A Book)

After listening to everyone and everything against Hitler all of my life. I asked myself: Why would millions fight and die for an idiot, or a lunatic? Why. So I decided to research the man and the words of the man himself so I watched many documentaries and various pro and negative books on him then I started my studies on his book and researched Mein Kampf I started to read several version of it but found them all not for me until I stumble across the FORD TRANSLATION, I decided to give it a try and I was hooked. Very well translated, it's like a history lesson on German History and their struggles with Communism, International Jewish Finance and the Versailles treaty. After reading this amazing book, it showed me how so much of what is in it is still applicable to today's society and it is a book that should be read by everybody with an open mind.

The Ford translation does not deceive nor confuse you. Money well spent if you want to learn about real historical events.
If you pass on this edition, you will truly miss out on a fantastic translation of Mein Kampf!

Like I said I have browsed the 1943 Manheim translation, the 1939 Murphy translation, the 1939 Reynal & Hitchcock translation and read the 2009 Ford translation. All have their own particular merits, but the Ford translation tops them all for many reasons; however I suppose all appeal to certain audiences. The Manheim appeals to the scholarly and is indeed a faithful, word-for-word translation of Mein Kampf. However, it is incomplete. Further, following it in places can be very confusing in the English language, and many people I know have simply put it down in frustration. It's obviously a scholar's edition, as the German-language footnotes attest.

The Reynal & Hitchcock edition is a better flowing edition than the Manheim, in my opinion, but has been out of print since 1943, when the Manheim was published by Houghton-Mifflin. Why? Because Houghton-Mifflin did not want to pay royalties to Reynal & Hitchcock for their translation, so Ralph Manheim was commissioned for a new translation, which is, in fact, clumsier than the original.

The Murphy edition is far shorter, a fairly easy read for those who speak/read British English and have a decent vocabulary. However, it is paraphrased - as Murphy read a paragraph and put it into his own words. Not Hitler's words, but in most places, true to the meaning. But in some places, he misses the point (as Ford's book about the MEIN KAMPF translation controversy points out). So if you want Hitler, you won't get it from Murphy...
Onto Ford's translation... The thing I like about this translation is that it strikes me as a true PEOPLE's EDITION of Mein Kampf. It is COMPLETE and TRUE to the original, but being a PEOPLE'S EDITION does NOT mean that it is dumbed-down. It simply means it is readable, flows well and keeps the reader's interest throughout. EVERY READER'S INTEREST. And that was exactly what the author, Adolf Hitler, wanted. He wanted EVERYONE in his country to read his book. Not just the university professor. It wasn't for the elite few. It was for the bus driver, the soldier, the unemployed - it made no difference! It was for everyone. In German, it flowed (and still flows) fine. But when translated to English, it doesn't flow so well, as various translations prove. However, with the Ford translation, it flows VERY WELL. It has been restored to its former status and is once again for EVERYONE.

Couple this with Ford's explanatory notes in the text as well as his added 27 pages of pictures that show key people and places mentioned by Hitler, and this makes an edition of Mein Kampf that has yet to be beaten.
Product Description

Mein Kampf offers an interesting interpretation of politics, people, and foreign policy matters. To characterize it as simply a racist work is to oversimplify its message. Germany did not follow Hitler because he was a racist, they followed him because he promised a great future, and Mein Kampf is where he promised that great future. Available as a hardback book or audio formats.
This edition is the only accurate and complete English translation of Mein Kampf ever made.

This Ford Translation offers:

The most accurate translation ever produced.

Phrases that are translated with precision and with no translator's bias.

Uncommon words are replaced with more common and more meaningful terms.

Any references to unfamiliar people or places are explained in the text.

This version is complete with all original passages and references restored, including passages omitted from other popular versions.

The book Mein Kampf: A Translation Controversy (copyright 2009) has declared the Ford Translation of Mein Kampf to be the “...most accurate and easiest to understand version of Mein Kampf ever made.” and went on to say “...that is why everyone should read it. It will change how you view the world.”

This translation has corrected over 1000 errors which were present in past translations. Many instances of Hitler's style were omitted from the older English translations and some references to mythology and historical people were censored or altered to remove their meaning, while common sayings and rhythmic styles, which often made Hitler's words poetic in nature, were removed simply because past translators did not understand their meaning or importance. Past translations, even the ones that claim to be unexpurgated, omitted passages, or simply skipped passages the translator could not understand. Older translations often failed to correctly translate humorous passages or sharp-satirical jokes correctly, resulting in the meaning being lost. All of these elements have been restored in the Ford Translation and all passages past translators found confusing have been researched, deciphered, and included clearly and accurately for the first time. This edition has restored the original passion that drove Hitler and swayed the emotions of the German people.

No English reader has been able to appreciate these subtleties in any previous English translation, not until the Ford Translation.

Do you believe life is struggle? Today, many people accept Hitler's belief that human existence is controlled by the laws of an eternal conflict and struggle for a greater good. This is by definition the classic Hero's Struggle. It is not surprising that people followed Hitler. It is surprising that more did not. His words offered the chance for everyone to participate in his personal Hero's journey—to be a part of something greater than they could ever be on their own. He was the hero of his own story, of course, only a fool would write their autobiography any other way. He appealed to very basic human instincts which are still present in everyone and still just as available for another would-be leader to massage and control. Hitler's words have a universal appeal that will continue to resonate among people who seek something greater than they perceive their own life to be.

What separates Mein Kampf from other books on political theory is the simple fact that Hitler did it! He used his formula to take political control of an entire country. This clearly separates his writing from the thousands of theoretical political papers written by college professors and weekend intellectuals.

Other translations may be cheaper, but they are also incomplete and filled with thousands of errors and omissions. Only the Ford translation reveals Hitler's true words.

Other books theorize about how it happened, Hitler tells how he plans to make it happen. He gives details that no theoretician could dream about, such as how to setup your political organization, how to choose people for your organization and most importantly who you should not include.

Following Hitler was not a great leap for the German people. It was what they needed, when they needed it. Understanding how a leader can appeal to and control a nation without being questioned is critical to identifying similar events unfolding today.

If you do not understand how important Mein Kampf is today, then you must find out immediately because the information in Mein Kampf is known and used by everyone from company CEO's to military dictators. This easy to understand edition will make it clear who may be using Hitler's formula around you.

When you finish reading Mein Kampf, you may not think Hitler is a nice guy, but you will understand his drive, determination, and you will understand how a nation willingly followed him to destruction, you will have a greater understanding of events in the world today, and you will understand yourself better as you are forced to answer difficult questions about those around you.

Read Mein Kampf Now And Find Out What So Many Have Tried To Suppress.

I promise you this: You will see the world differently after reading Mein Kampf.

Dare I read Mein Kampf? See what author and reviewer Francis Hackett has to say about her experience reading it:

"THERE ARE STILL responsible people in this busy world who have not yet got round to reading Mein Kampf.

I confess that up to last year I belonged to this vast company myself-and it includes about ninety-nine per cent of the American people.

It soothed me when I heard that the book was thick, turgid in expression, and at times almost impenetrably dull. I was glad to find an excuse and avoid the chore. In spite of this, however, I at last felt compelled to buy a copy of the unabridged translation.

There is a humiliating discovery that sometimes floors us when we have completed a job. Instead of being the victim of our virtue, we are the beneficiary. This was the case with reading Mein Kampf. It was far from the punishment that I had been led to expect. Once having conquered the repugnance that was a mingling of indignation and disgust, having grappled with the book, having stayed with it long enough to enter into Hitler's state of' mind, and having returned to it to ponder it, I woke up to the nature of Nazism as never before. The importance of Mein Kampf in this respect is not to be debated; it is fundamental.

... Hitler's statements of fact, even when he intends to tell the truth, cannot be taken without reserve; he seems to be incapable of giving a straight account of anything controversial. But a biased witness may be a vital one, and he is the star witness to Nazism. ...

Mein Kampf explains the incipient totalitarian as nothing else can do. But it does more than this. Hitler never conceals his contempt for democratic method, democratic tradition, and democratic aspiration. He never conceals his scorn for political mutuality or morality. Mein Kampf is explicit on this. Its cynicism is all there for the naked eye to see. It raises the issue of Nazism versus Democracy so sharply that all on Hitler's side are necessarily and violently irreconcilable with all on the other side.

Mein Kampf is not literature, any more than a gun in your face is literature. It is action. Once you read it, you realize that a political choice is thrust on you, as a matter of life and death. Mein Kampf marks the Great Divide as nothing else in the world does. The Nazi Germans are on one side of it, the rest of the world is on the other.

...The value of Mein Kampf to us is inestimable. Had Hitler's worst enemy written it, we should have to discount it. It is one of those documents that expose a self-intoxication so stupendous that only a firm grasp of all that gives life meaning for us can steady our perception of it. That is what makes it so indispensable. Without it, the plight in which the world now finds itself would perhaps be intelligible to experts, but it would surely leave us bewildered. But with Mein Kampf now available, full of Hitler's outpourings on every phase of the convictions that possess him and on every detail of the menace he is offering to us, we do not need to remain in a fog. He really enables us, if we give him the chance, to know what this War is about. The fact that the Lindberg's are silent about it, the fact that America First behaves as though Mein Kampf had never been written, cannot disturb anyone who has made a study of human perversities. Obsessed people only see what they wish to see. A man has to be free from the obsessions of power to understand the full importance of Mein Kampf."

Francis Hackett

(Eleven time author)

By the way, those who know the secrets in Mein Kampf will always have the advantage over those who do not. Make sure you are not left out, read Mein Kampf now.
This translation is also available as an audio version.

Afrodeutsche

Sworn-in at Stahnsdorf in 1943 this man served as a volunteer under Franz Wimmer-Lamquet with Sonderstab F (Major Felmy's Freies Arabien Division). Photo is in the public domain.

Approximately 24,000 Black Germans lived in Germany (Afrodeutsche) in the 1920's most if not all where the children of Black French troops. Just like the majority of other Western European countries of that time, like Britain and France Imperial Germany also established territories in the Africa’s around the late 1800's, in what is today Cameroon, Togo, Namibia, and Tanzania. After the defeat Germany received in WW1, Germany colonies in Africa were confiscated for good in 1918 and many of the Germans based in Africa returned bringing with them strong racist attitudes.

France received as a spoil of war, the occupation of Germany`s Rhineland, incidentally this area has changed hands between the two countries for centuries. The French then proceeded to wilfully deploy it´s own colonised black African troops in the region as the occupying French force instead of white French troops, and the notion of Africans controlling white Germans infuriated many in the country and racist propaganda portrayed the African troops who had relationships with locals as rapists of German women and spreaders of sexual and other diseases.

The French also tried to separate the occupied areas from Germany by establishing an independent Rhenish Republic as a French puppet state. Separatist riots were encouraged and supported by the French, who tried to exploit traditional anti-Prussian resentments in the overwhelmingly Catholic region. In the end, the separatists failed to gain any decisive support among the population. The Treaty of Versailles also specified the de-militarization of the entire area to provide a buffer between Germany on one side and France, Belgium and Luxembourg (and to a lesser extent, the Netherlands) on the other side, which meant that no German forces were allowed there after the Allied forces, had withdrawn. Furthermore (and quite unbearably from the German perspective) the treaty entitled the Allies to reoccupy the Rhineland at their will, if the Allies unilaterally found the German side responsible for any violation of the treaty.  The Germans viewed these acts as insults, and, soon thereafter, 92% of them voted in the Nazi party.

Ok let’s get back to the job at hand, hundreds of French African soldiers began to intermarry with German maidens and raise families, as Black Germans. Germans all over complained bitterly in newspapers and propaganda films about African soldiers from the French colonial army having relations with their women, which at the time you could understand, imagine if the same had happened in England in the twenties. In 1932 in Breslau, Hitler gave a speech in which he told Jews and anyone not Aryan to leave Germany or go into a camp to await deportation, in theory a choice not a nice one, but a choice none the less. But most blacks in Germany did not heed Hitler`s warning as they were German citizens with German passports and had nowhere else to go.

While a fair number escaped to France, It is no secret that Hitler harboured extreme race ideas and in his book Mein Kampf, he wrote his thoughts on them, these "Rhineland Bastards" end of quote also Hitler stated that ‘the Jews had brought the Negroes into the Rhineland with the clear aim of ruining the hated white race by the necessarily-resulting bastardisation’. As soon as Hitler reoccupied the Rhineland in 1936, he retaliated by targeting black people living there. At maximum 400 biracial children were sterilised in the area by the end of 1937. So as you can see Hitler's fixation with racial purity was by 1937, all identified biracial child in the Rhineland should be sterilised, so in order to put a stop to further race polluting, but many where not and continued for a while to live “normal lives” or as normal as it got in Hitler´s Germany.

A black German survivor, Hans Hauck was a victim of Hitler's biracial sterilisation edict and a former member of the Hitler Youth, explained that he was selected for sterilisation as a youngster, and once he had received his sterilisations official document, he was a free man and free to go, with the condition that he would not pursue a relationship with a white woman.

Even though most black or biracial Germans tried to get out of their fatherland, by way of France where people like the actress La Baker were actively supporting the French Underground, most black Germans still had problems elsewhere. Many countries closed their borders to ethnic white Germans as well as the Black ones, the same way they did to Jews trying to escape the pending doom.  Some black Germans tried to return to the former German colonies, taken over by the League of Nations in 1920. The British colonial authorities in the newly named South West Africa would not allow black Germans refugee status on the grounds that they had fought for the Germans in World War I.

But on the other side of the coin some black Germans were able to maintain a basic standard of life, during Hitler's reign for example partaking in Vaudeville performances and other things, but most Afro-Germans, unwavering in the belief, that they were German first, and colour was not an issue in their minds, so many chose to stay put in their homeland, Germany. Also many chose to fight with the Germans in the war, and some even became Luftwaffe pilots! Note: there is photographic evidence of this, and not only blacks from Germany but Africa proper, Middle Eastern Arab Muslims, Indians and Oriental Asians. But also on the darker side, unfortunately, some biracial and black Germans were arrested, on trumped up charges, and imprisoned there is also no known systematic program, or official party policy of extermination of the black Germans. However there was no recording of the numbers of Afrodeutsche who perished at the hands of the National Socialists, but the number are believed to be quite low.

It is very interesting to note that in the 1920s and 1930s, and even during Hitler´s regime that, Afrodeutsche appeared as extras in German movies portraying Africans, notably in the German colour spectacle Baron von Münchhausen (1943), produced by the Ufa studio. The relatively low numbers of blacks in Germany, their wide dispersal across the country, and the fact that the National Socialists concentrated on other groups of people was a key factors that made it possible for the majority of Afro-Germans to survive the war.

One such survivor, Hans Jürgen Massaquoi describes with stunning frankness how as a young boy he so badly wanted to fit into the German culture that he had his babysitter sew a swastika on to his sweater, He wore it to school before his mother removed it. When the war came to Germany, Hans Jürgen had more than the National Socialists to worry about. He goes on to say heavy Allied bombing forced him and his German mother Bertha Baetz to flee Hamburg. He attributes his survival to good luck and the help of his mother and German friends.

However National Socialist Germany speculated about the possibility of winning the support of Africans from former German colonies for a pro-German colonial propaganda, as the Germans were planning an "African colonial empire under German predominance". The legislation for a planned, apartheid-like system already existed in design in 1940 and an African passport design.

Not much information remains about the numbers of Black Germans maltreated under Hitler´s Germany. But some black German survivors are still alive and telling their story in books and films, and its not all in a totally negative light but black victims must also speak out for justice, not just history.

But unlike the Jews, be they in Israel or Germany, Afrodeutsche received no war reparations because their German citizenship was revoked, even though they were German-born. The only pension they get is from those who tell the world their stories and continue their battle for recognition and compensation, incidentally going a little off the topic no Roma was called to testify at the Nuremberg Trials, and no one came forth to testify on their behalf. No war crimes reparations have been paid to the Roma (gypsies) as a people. It is difficult to determine exactly how many Romani were eliminated. The estimates range from 220,000 to 600,000 depending on what you read so that could be 40% and 80% of the estimated Romani population. Compare that to the estimated $50 billion Israel and world Jewry will have received by 2020,  for me to state this does not make me an Anti-Semite, but these day to question anything Jewish or Israeli, one is instantly labelled an Anti-Semite, which is not the case but does something not seem odd to you with these payouts? Although the German reparations program is accepted and often praised in the democratic West, it is also, at least implicitly, strikingly undemocratic in two fundamental respects:

First, it regards Jews not as equal and fully integrated citizens of whatever country they live in, but rather primarily as members of an alien and cosmopolitan national group.

Second, it is based on the premise that the German nation, including even the Germans who grew up since 1945, is collectively guilty of terrible crimes, contrary to the democratic notion of individual responsibility for crime.

Germany's lucrative and historically unparalleled payoff to Israel and world Jewry is a legacy and permanent reminder of Germany's catastrophic defeat in 1945 and subsequent domination by foreign powers.

Anyway after the hostilities ended, many Afrodeutsche who had survive Hitler´s regime, were rounded up and tried as war criminals, I thought we were fighting to stop oppression and injustice, hmm well who knows. There are many thousands of Black “Holocaust” stories, from the Transatlantic Triangular Trade operated during the 17th, 18th and early 19th centuries, to slavery in America, and the trials of the Afrodeutsche in Hitler´s Germany.

We today often shy away from hearing about our nations, peoples or racial historical pasts because so much of it is painful, or socially unacceptable today; however, we are in this struggle together for all our rights, dignity, and, yes, in some cases reparations for wrongs done to people through the centuries by various groups or individuals, but we need to look past these differences and make our nations today cohesive productive, safe, progressive places to live based on human nature and not Marxist-egalitarian dreams, which is an altered state of living which has an expiry date.

All the way through history, encounters between peoples and tribes of men have so severely sown the roots of discrimination and prejudice that people are no longer sure why race, colour and creed variations are so repugnant. Each and every one of us is a casualty of our own faults in the search for personal pride, and while in the pursuit of dominance, our vanity urges rivalry across so many subconscious levels and has no concern for the loser in reality. The need to win mentality we seem to have may have derive from our hunter survival ancestry, this drive may be the main force behind what seems to be our blind hate. Ask yourself how many times have you said, “I hate you” have you used those three words anytime, ever? The European soul is in accord with all of humanity, to be the winners, just like the Mongols of Genghis Khan or Darius the Great, the Persian. The key difference between the National Socialists and the violence they unleashed on Europe, and the Israelites who utterly destroyed Jericho was the claim that God guided the hands that held those supernatural rams horns, so that makes it ok, and Hitler´s troops merely held machine guns, The city of Jericho was completely destroyed, and every man, woman, and child in it was killed. Only Rahab and her family were spared, because she had hidden the two spies sent by Joshua. After this Joshua burned the remains of the city and cursed any man who would rebuild the city of Jericho at the cost of his firstborn son.

How many Jews and Arabs, made good or pocketed gold which came from the African slave trade, do you think Nefertiti carried her groceries home? What African or Inca king ever cleaned a toilet? Before the 1500s skin colour was not the foundation of slavery. Slaves were the unfortunate people bought, captured in war or simply kidnapped. All thought the age’s persons of all races have been snatched from their roots, and forced to become part of a new society like St Patrick for example. West Africans exported slaves to traders and imported some white slaves for household service. The Arabs also enslaved substantial numbers of Europeans. According to Robert Davis between 1 million and 1.25 million Europeans were captured by Barbary pirates, who were vassals of the Ottoman Empire, and sold as slaves between the 16th and 19th centuries. These slaves were captured mainly from seaside villages from Italy, Spain, Portugal and also from more distant places like France or England, the Netherlands, Ireland and even Iceland and North America. The impact of these attacks was devastating – France, England, and Spain each lost thousands of ships, and long stretches of the Spanish and Italian coasts were almost completely abandoned by their inhabitants. Pirate raids discouraged settlement along the coast until the 19th century.

What I am saying is that hate lives within us all. We are all animals caught in a struggle to survive and be victorious, where victory lives in the domination of others, traditionally as nation groups. To truly move beyond what has been and still is in places we must all reach out to less fortunate humans across the globe and seek a more even distribution of possibility when possible, but not at our own expense and prosperity in the guise globalisation i.e. don’t give aid to a country while your own people starve for example, it sounds harsh but its a reality charity starts at home. I believe there is no community of man that does not wish their own children well. In this common goal, we should all bond to deliver upon our children the wealth of a peaceful, prosperous tomorrow when possible but don’t give up our own rights as a people or nation.